Welding fluxes



Patented Dec. 6, 1938 UiTE D STAES TENT OF FCE WELDING FLUXES Thomas C.It. Shepherd, Hale Barns, England,

assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York NoDrawing. Application September 1, 1937, Se-

il'ial No. 162,058. In Great Britain September 7, 1936 7 Claims. (Cl.219-8) My invention relates to welding fluxes and the following has beenfound to be eminently more particularly to fluxes for use in metallicare satisfactory:

welding. Per cent In metallic arc welding, an arc is maintained Graphite65 bet een the work to be Welded and a rod or strip Magnesium-nickel; 125 of metal usually referred to as an electrode. Nickel-silicon .11During welding the electrode is fused or vapor- Ferro-titanium 12 izedor both and the metal thereof deposited upon and united with the work asthe electrode is fed toward the work'to maintain the arc.

The facility with which the welding arc may be maintained and thequality of the weld metal deposited by such a process depends to a largeextent upon the influence of certain elements or 15 compounds associatedwith the electrode usually in the form of a coating. Electrodes socoated are commonly referred to as flux coated elec- Other carbonaceousmaterials, such as paper pulp, wood floor, various grades of cellulose,and the like may be substituted, in proper proportion, forthe graphiteabove specified without depart ing from my invention. Alloys ofmagnesium, silicon, and titanium with nickel and iron other than thosespecified above, may also be employed in order to obtain the desiredrelative proportions of magnesium, silicon, and titanium in the fluxtrodes mixture. his to be noted that in the composi- It an object of myinvention to provide an tion specified, magnesium, silicon, and titaniumare present in the respective relative proportions:

lfmprovefi weldmgldtilux that 15 i i adapted .50 to 2.00 per cent; 3.25to 9.75 per cent; and 2.75 stateside;ziezisszniissz m is per The s M anelectrode of copper-nickel allo with a flux be rendered suitable forapphcatlon as an adhery ent coating to electrodes by the addition of,so-

coating particularly suited-thereto. an th According to my invention,the improved arc ga Silicate shellac syarch m d e welding flux comprisesa substance which when When the above flux is employed for coating v Iera ly provide wi awrappingo w i e as es 0s 32 2 351 5 23?g g g gggiggggg ggg i ig gifi wound on the core conveniently in the form of a centmagnesium to about 90 percent nickel As spiral of about Inch pxtch Pheflux bemg apsubstance which reduces a Sm i plied to the-wound coreconveniently by a process phere which is nellztfal in charagter grap gof extrusion. Instead of using asbestos yarn, She "i"? sssvssssnsly sssmslsysd this sssssssss fii fitii tfiii fifihifififisituitis fiihtlfxf35 f i use to lg igp of carbon dioxide in The ratio by weight of flux toelectrode metal 35 ig gi ggzg a; gz i g include one or is not consideredto be critical and is gendrally within a range of from '7 to 30 percent. Wi h an add'mofial g i s electrode core of about inch diameter, aratio amp fi W c e i 8 i a ne for the weight of fluxto the weight ofelectrode 40 l f' l i m gg 2 3 g metal of about 15 per cent has beenfound to be 40 cen nic e o a on per cen 5 won an a tisfacto yferro-titanium alloy of about per cent titanium As has been pointed outabove; fluxe in a D t I f cordance with my invention are particularlysuit- Good results have been obtained with fluxes 0 ed for weldingelectrodes composed of copper- 45 the above considered materials havingthe folnickel'alloy. The most commonly employed coplowing composition,the proportions being by per-nickel alloy is Monelmetal which containsweight: about 28 per cent copper, 67 per cent nickel, and

V p cent about 5 percent iron and manganese. Another Graphite 4 to 70copper-nickel alloy which has been proposed as an 7 Magnesium-nickel g Iele trode'material contains, as its principal con- Nickel-silicon 15 i ns, copper 53 per cent and make] 44 per Fel'lO-titanium H015 cent.

s Copper-nickel alloy electrodes, and particular- AS a example of aparticular fiu pos t on ly Monel metal electrodes, are commonly emwithinthe range of proportions above specified, ployed for filling voids iniron castings. When a 66 intended to be used in connection with Monelmetal electrodes employed for this purpose, it is advantageous toinclude in the flux composition on e-or more of the substances cryolite,clay and ilmenite. As an example the improved flux for use in thisconnection may have, in addition to the constituents previouslyenumerated and in relative proportions within the limits stated, 5 to 15per cent of one or more of the said minerals cryolite, clay, andilmenite. These substances are essentially slag-forming materials'as isthe asbestos above specified.

For filling voids in iron castings, a flux of the --followingcomposition is found-to be very suitable:

' Per cent Graphite 39 Magnesium-nickel T 12 Nickel-silicon 8F'erro-titanium. 12 Cryolite; 9 Clay 10 Ilmenite 10 Constituents otherthan those specified above mayappear in a flux manufactured inaccordance with my invention without departingtherefrom. Furthermore, myinvention is not limited in its application to the welding with or oncoppernickel alloys since it is obviously suited for use in welding withor onmetallic nickelous sub"- stances of various compositions.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is:.

1. A fiux for use in arc welding including 5-20% by weight of an alloyof magnesium associated with nickel and a carbonaceous substance whichin the presence of the welding arc produces a shielding atmosphere, saidalloy having a composition of about 10 per cent magnesium an about 90per cent nickel.

2. A flux for use in arc welding containing in ,the relative proportionsby weight specified the following ingredients: a carbonaceous substancewhich in the presence of a welding arc produces a shielding atmosphere,40 to 70 per cent; magnesium', .50 to 2.00 per cent; silicon, 3.25 to9.75 per cent; and titanium 2.75 to 8.25 per cent, said magnesium,silicon. and titanium ingredients being present in the form of alloyswith nickel and iron.

I 3. A nux for use in arc welding including the following constituentsin the relative proportions by Weight specified:

Per cent Graphite 40 to 70 Magnesium-nickel alloy; 5 to 20Nickel-silicon alloy 5 to Ferro-titanium alloy 5 to 15 the compositionof said alloys beingsubstantially as follows: Magnesium-nickel alloy,magnesium 10%, nickel 90 nickel-silicon alloy, nickel 35 silicon 65%;and ferro-titanium alloy, (iron 55%, titanium 45%. I

flux material in accordance with my invention is i. A flux for use inarc welding including the following constituents in the relativeproportions by'weight specified:

Per cent Graphite -1 65 Magnesium-nickel alloy 1 12 Nickel-silicon alloy11 Ferrb-titanium alloy 12 the composition of said alloys beingsubstantially as follows: Magnesium-nickel alloy, magnesium 10%, nickel90%; nickel-silicon alloy, nickel 35%, silicon 65%; and ferro-titaniumalloy, iron 55%, titanium 45%. v

.' 5. A flux for use in arc welding including the following constituentsin the relative proportions by weight specified:

- Per cent Graphite 40 to 70 Magnesium-nickel alloy 5 to Nickel-siliconalloy 5 to 15 Ferro-titanium alloy 5 to 15 Per cent Graphite 39Magnesium-nickel alloy l2 Nickel-silicon alloy 8 Ferro-titanium alloy 12Cryolite 9 Clay'. 10 Ilmenite Q 10 the composition of said alloys beingsubstantially as follows: Magnesium-nickel alloy, magnesium 10%, nickel90%; nickel-silicon alloy, nickel 35%, silicon 65%; and ferro-titaniumalloy, iron 55%,

,Ztitanium 45%.

7. An electrode of copper-nickel alloy provided with afiux including thefollowing constituents in the relative proportions by weight specified:

Per cent Graphite 39 Magnesium-nickel alloy 12 Nickel-silicon alloy 8Ferro-titanium alloy 12 Cryolite 9 Clay '10 Ilmenite 10 the compositionof said alloys being substantially asfollows: Magnesium-nickel alloy,magnesium 10%, nickel 90%; nickel-silicon alloy, nickel 35%, silicon andferro-titanium alloy, iron 55%, titanium 45%.

TI-IGMAS C. R. SHEPHERD.

